École nationale de l'aviation civile

ENAC, also known as École nationale de l'aviation civile, is a French higher education institution dedicated to the civil aviation sector. It provides initial and continuing education for a range of aviation professions, including engineers, air traffic controllers, pilots, and flight operations specialists. Its training programmes combine theoretical instruction with practical exercises, often using simulators and real‑world aircraft. The institution serves both national stakeholders, such as the Directorate General for Civil Aviation, and international partners seeking expertise in aviation safety and management. Through its courses, ENAC supports the operational and technical needs of airlines, airports, and air navigation service providers.

ENAC operates under the authority of the French Ministry for Ecological Transition and is attached to the Directorate General for Civil Aviation, which oversees civil aviation policy and regulation in France. As a public establishment, it receives state funding and is mandated to contribute to the development of aviation skills and knowledge. The school maintains close ties with industry and regulatory bodies, allowing its curricula to evolve in response to technological advances and safety requirements. Its role extends beyond training to include research activities that address topics such as air traffic management, environmental impact, and unmanned aircraft systems. These functions position ENAC as a key actor in the French aviation ecosystem.

The institution's distinguishing attributes stem from its exclusive focus on civil aviation, a specialization that differentiates it from broader engineering schools. It is recognized for delivering qualifications that are nationally accredited and often required for specific aviation licenses and certifications. ENAC's campuses host specialized facilities, including flight simulators, laboratories, and aerodromes, which enable hands‑on learning experiences. The school also participates in international cooperation programmes, exchanging students and expertise with partner institutions worldwide. Notably, in March 2022, ENAC experienced a ransomware attack attributed to the Hive group, which disrupted digital services and highlighted the importance of cybersecurity resilience for aviation training organisations.