Insurance Services Office

Insurance Services Office (ISO) supplies statistical, actuarial, underwriting, and claims data to property and casualty insurers. The organization develops and maintains standard insurance policy forms, endorsements, and related underwriting manuals that are widely adopted across the industry. ISO also provides loss cost data, rating information, and predictive modeling tools that assist insurers in pricing risk and evaluating exposure. Its primary market consists of insurers, reinsurers, agents, and regulators operating mainly in the United States, with additional services offered to international clients.

ISO’s data collections encompass millions of policies and claims each year, forming a substantial historical repository. The loss cost data it publishes is utilized in rate filings submitted to insurance departments in all fifty states. The organization maintains extensive databases that include historical loss experience, exposure details, and catastrophe models used for risk assessment. ISO operates as a business unit within Verisk Analytics, a publicly traded provider of data analytics and risk assessment solutions.

ISO is distinguished by its role in creating the uniform policy forms that many insurers adopt, which simplifies regulatory review and promotes consistency. Its actuarial teams generate loss cost estimates that directly inform pricing decisions and underwriting guidelines. The organization supplies compliance‑related data that insurers need for state rate filings, solvency reporting, and other regulatory obligations. ISO’s predictive modeling services help insurers assess emerging risks such as cyber threats and climate‑related exposures.

ISO became a wholly owned subsidiary of Verisk Analytics after the latter’s acquisition in 2009. Before the acquisition, ISO functioned as a cooperative owned by its member insurance companies. The organization’s headquarters is located in Jersey City, New Jersey, United States. In July 2015, ISO experienced unauthorized database access that exposed policyholders’ personal data, leading to a law‑enforcement‑requested delay in notification and the provision of one year of free credit monitoring to affected individuals.